内容简介
《中国科技统计年鉴2022》是国家统计局社会科技和文化产业统计司和科学技术部战略规划司共同编辑的反映我国科技活动情况的统计资料书，收录了全国和各省、自治区、直辖市以及国务院有关部门2021年度科技统计数据。
全书内容分为十个部分。第一部分为反映全社会科技活动的综合统计资料。第二、三、四部分分别为企业、研究与开发机构和高等学校科技活动统计资料，其中企业的口径为规模以上企业，包括规模以上采矿业，制造业，电力、热力、燃气及水生产和供应业，特、一级总承包、专业承包建筑业，交通运输、仓储和邮政业，信息传输、软件和信息技术服务业，租赁和商务服务业，科学研究和技术服务业，水利、环境和公共设施管理业，卫生和社会工作，文化、体育和娱乐业等企业法人单位；研究与开发机构的口径为地级及以上独立核算的政府属科学研究与技术开发机构、科学技术信息和文献机构；高等学校包括全日制高校及其附属医院。第五部分为高技术产业发展统计资料。第六部分为企业创新活动统计资料。第七部分为国家科技计划统计资料。第八部分为科技活动成果统计资料。第九部分为综合技术服务部门和科协活动有关资料。第十部分为国际科技统计资料。最后附有主要统计指标解释。
China Statistical Yearbook on Science and Technology 2022 is prepared jointly by the Department of Social, Science and Technology, and Cultural Statistics National Bureau of Statistics and the Department of Strategy and Planning of Science and Technology. The Yearbook, which covers data series at the national, provincial and local levels, and autonomous regions, as well as departments directly under the State Council, reports on the development of China's science and technology activities.
The yearbook contains the following ten parts. The first part reflects general science and technology(S&T) information on whole society; The second part, the third part and the forth part reflect respectively S&T information about Enterprises, Independent Research Institutions and Institutions of Higher Education. The caliber of enterprises refers to enterprises above scale, including mining industry, manufacturing industry, electric power, heat power, gas and water production and supply industry above scale. Special, first-class general contracting, professional contracting construction; Transportation, storage and postal services, information transmission, software and information technology services, leasing and business services, scientific research and technology services, water conservancy, environment and public facilities management, health and social work, culture, sports and entertainment. Independent Research Institutions cover the municipal and above and independent accounting scientific research and technological development institutions which belong to government；Institutions of Higher Education cover Institutions of Higher Education and affiliated hospitals. The fifth part contains information on High Technology Industry. The sixth part contains information on innovation activities of enterprises. The seventh part contains information on National Program for Science and Technology. The eighth part contains information on results of S&T activities. The ninth part covers Scientific and Technologic Service and S&T activities of China Associations for S&T. The tenth part contains information on the international comparisons.
目录
一、综合
General
1-1 研究与试验发展(R&D)人员(2021年) 3
R&D Personnel (2021)
1-2 全国研究与试验发展(R&D)人员全时当量 4
Full-time Equivalent of R&D Personnel
1-3 按执行部门分研究与试验发展(R&D)人员全时当量(2021年) 4
Full-time Equivalent of R&D Personnel by Performer(2021)
1-4 各地区研究与试验发展(R&D)人员全时当量(2021年) 5
Full-time Equivalent of R&D Personnel by Region (2021)
1-5 全国研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出 6
Intramural Expenditure on R&D
1-6 按执行部门分组的研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出(2021年) 6
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Performer(2021)
1-7 各地区研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出(2021年) 7
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Region (2021)
1-8 各地区研究与试验发展(R&D)经费投入强度 8
The R&D Expenditure Input Intensity by Region
1-9 按执行部门分组的研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出 9
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Performer
1-10 按执行部门和支出用途分R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 9
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Performer and Use (2021)
1-11 各地区按支出用途分研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出(2021年) 10
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Region and Use (2021)
1-12 按资金来源分研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出 11
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Sources
1-13 按执行部门和来源构成分研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出(2021年) 11
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Performer and Sources (2021)
1-14 各地区按资金来源分研究与试验发展(R&D)经费内部支出(2021年) 12
Intramural Expenditure on R&D by Region and Sources(2021)
1-15 研究与试验发展(R&D)经费外部支出(2021年) 13
External Expenditure on R&D (2021)
1-16 国家财政科技支出 14
Government Expenditure for Science and Technology
1-17 分学科研究生情况 (2021年) 15
Number of Postgraduate Students by Field of Study (2021)
1-18 普通本科分学科学生数 (2021年) 16
Number of Regular Students for Normal Courses by Field of Study (2021)
1-19 高职专科分学科学生数 (2021年) 16
Number of Regular Students for Short-cycle Courses by Field of Study (2021)
1-20 中国科学院院士和中国工程院院士 17
Academicians of China Academy of Sciences and Academicians of China Academy of Engineering
1-21 中国科学院全体院士名单 18
1-22 中国科学院全体院士名单 20
1-23 中国工程院全体院士名单 22
二、企业
Enterprises
2-1 全部企业的科技活动基本情况 27
Basic Statistics on Science and Technology Activities of Total Enterprises
2-2 各地区全部企业数量情况(2021年) 28
Number of Enterprises on Total Enterprises by Region (2021)
2-3 各地区全部企业R&D人员(2021年) 29
R&D Personnel in Total Enterprises by Region (2021)
2-4 各地区全部企业R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 30
Intramural Expenditure on R&D in Total Enterprises by Region (2021)
2-5 规模以上工业企业的科技活动基本情况 32
Basic Statistics on Science and Technology Activities of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size
2-6 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业数量情况(2021年) 34
Number of Enterprises on Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-7 按行业分规上工业企业数量情况(2021年) 35
Number of Enterprises on Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-8 各地区规上工业企业数量情况(2021年) 36
Number of Enterprises on Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-9 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业R&D人员(2021年) 37
R&D Personnel in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-10 按行业分规上工业企业R&D人员(2021年) 38
R&D Personnel in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-11 各地区规上工业企业R&D人员(2021年) 39
R&D Personnel in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-12 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 40
Intramural Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-13 按行业分规上工业企业R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 42
Intramural Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-14 各地区规上工业企业R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 44
Intramural Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-15 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业R&D经费外部支出(2021年) 46
External Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-16 按行业分规上工业企业R&D经费外部支出(2021年) 47
External Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-17 各地区规上工业企业R&D经费外部支出(2021年) 48
External Expenditure on R&D in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-18 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业办研发机构情况(2021年) 49
R&D Institutions in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-19 按行业分规上工业企业办研发机构情况(2021年) 50
R&D Institutions in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-20 各地区规上工业企业办研发机构情况(2021年) 51
R&D Institutions in Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-21 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业新产品开发和销售(2021年) 52
New Products Development and Sale of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-22 按行业分规上工业企业新产品开发和销售(2021年) 53
New Products Development and Sale of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-23 各地区规上工业企业新产品开发和销售(2021年) 54
New Products Development and Sale of Industrial Enterprise above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-24 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业专利(2021年) 55
Statistics on Patent of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-25 按行业分规上工业企业专利(2021年) 56
Statistics on Patent of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-26 各地区规上工业企业专利(2021年) 57
Statistics on Patent of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
2-27 按企业规模及登记注册类型分规上工业企业技术获取和技术改造(2021年) 58
Technology Acquisition and Renovation of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Scale and Registration Status (2021)
2-28 按行业分规上工业企业技术获取和技术改造(2021年) 59
Technology Acquisition and Renovation of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Industrial Sector (2021)
2-29 各地区规上工业企业技术获取和技术改造(2021年) 60
Technology Acquisition and Renovation of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size by Region (2021)
三、研究与开发机构
R&D Institutions
3-1 研究与开发机构基本情况 62
Basic Statistics on Scientific Research and Development Institutions
3-2 按隶属关系和学科分研究与开发机构R&D人员(2021年) 63
R&D Personnel in R&D Institutions by Subordination and Subject (2021)
3-3 按服务的国民经济行业分研究与开发机构R&D人员(2021年) 64
R&D Personnel in R&D Institutions by Industrial Sector in which the R&D Institutions Served (2021)
3-4 按隶属关系和学科分研究与开发机构R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 70
Intramural Expenditure on R&D of R&D Institutions by Subordination and Subject (2021)
3-5 按服务的国民经济行业分研究与开发机构R&D经费内部支出(2021年) 72
Intramural Expenditure on R&D of R&D Institutions by Industrial Sector in which the R&D Institutions Served (2021)
3-6 按隶属关系和学科分研究与开发机构R&D经费外部支出(2021年) 76
External Expenditure on R&D of R&D Institutions by Subordination and Subject (2021)
3-7 按隶属关系和学科分研究与开发机构R&D课题(2021年) 76
R&D Projects of R&D Institutions by Subordination and Subject (2021)
3-8 按学科分组的R&D课题(2021年) 77
R&D Projects Taken by R&D Institutions by Discipline (2021)
3-9 按来源和合作形式分研究与开发机构R&D课题(2021年) 79
R&D Projects of R&D Institutions by Sources and Cooperation Modality (2021)
3-10 按隶属关系和学科分研究与开发机构科技产出(2021年) 80
S&T Output of R&D Institutions by Subordination and Subject(2021)
3-11 按服务的国民经济行业分研究与开发机构科技产出(2021年) 82
S&T Output of R&D Institutions by Industrial Sector in which the R&D Institutions Served (2021)
四、高等学校
Higher Education
4-1 高等学校科技活动情况 90
Basic Statistics on Higher Education for Science and technology Activities
4-2 各地区高等学校R&D人员(2021年) 92
R&D Personnel in Higher Education by Region (2021)
4-3 各地区高等学校经费内部支出(2021年) 94
R&D Intramural Expenditures on R&D in Higher Education by Region (2021)
4-4 各地区高等学校R&D经费外部支出(2021年) 96
External Expenditure on R&D in Higher Education by Region (2021)
4-5 各地区高等学校R&D课题(2021年) 97
R&D Projects of Higher Education by Region (2021)
4-6 按学科分高等学校R&D课题(2021年) 98
R&D Projects Taken by Higher Education by Discipline (2021)
4-7 按来源和合作形式分高等学校R&D课题(2021年) 99
R&D Projects of Higher Education by Sources and Cooperation Modality (2021)
4-8 各地区高等学校科技产出(2021年) 100
S&T Output of Higher Education by Region(2021)
五、高技术产业
High-tech Industry
5-1 高技术产业生产经营情况 (2021年) 104
Statistics on Production and Management in High-tech Industry(2021)
5-2 各地区高技术产业生产经营情况 (2021年) 105
Statistics on Production and Management in High-tech Industry by Region(2021)
5-3 高技术产业R&D活动及相关情况 (2021年) 106
Statistics on R&D Activities and Relatives in High-tech Industry(2021)
5-4 各地区高技术产业R&D活动及相关情况 (2021年) 110
Statistics on R&D Activities and Relatives in High-tech Industry by Region(2021)
5-5 国家级高新区企业主要经济指标 (2021年) 114
Major Indicators of High-Technology Industrial Development Zone (2021)
六、企业创新活动
Innovation Activities of Enterprises
6-1 规模(限额)以上企业创新活动总体情况(2021年) 122
Enterprises above Designated Size with Innovation(2021)
6-2 规模(限额)以上企业产品和工艺创新分布情况(2021年) 124
Enterprises above Designated Size with Product or Process Innovation(2021)
6-3 规模(限额)以上企业产品或工艺创新活动类型(2021年) 128
Innovation Activities for Product or Process Innovation in Enterprises above Designated Size(2021)
6-4 规模以上工业企业创新费用支出情况(2021年) 132
Innovation Expenditure of Industrial Enterprises above Designated Size(2021)
6-5 规模(限额)以上企业创新合作开展情况(2021年) 138
Cooperation for Product or Process Innovation in Enterprises above Designated Size(2021)
6-6 规模(限额)以上企业组织和营销创新情况(2021年) 142
Enterprises above Designated Size with Organizational or Marketing Innovation(2021)
6-7 规模(限额)以上企业创新战略目标制定情况(2021年) 146
Innovation Strategic Objectives in Enterprises above Designated Size(2021)
七、国家科技计划
National Program for Science and Technology Development
7-1 国家主要科技计划基本情况 153
Appropriation for S&T by Central Government in the Main Programs of S&T
7-2 国家自然科学基金资助项目经费 154
Project Funding Approved by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
7-3 分部门国家自然科学基金资助项目经费(2021年) 155
Project Funding Approved by the National Natural Science Foundation of China by Sectors (2021)
7-4 全国创业风险投资基本情况 156
Basic Statistics on National VC Capital
八、科技活动成果
Results of Science and Technology Activities
8-1 国内专利申请数 159
Domestic Patent Applications
8-2 国内专利授权数 160
Domestic Patent Granted
8-3 国内有效专利数 161
Domestic Patent in Force
8-4 国内、外三种专利申请数 162
Three Kinds of Patent Applications
8-5 国内、外三种专利授权数 163
Three Kinds of Patent Granted
8-6 国内、外三种专利有效数 164
Three Kinds of Patent in Force
8-7 国内三种专利申请数按地区分布(2021年) 165
Three Kinds of Domestic Patent Applications by Region (2021)
8-8 国内三种专利授权数按地区分布(2021年) 166
Three Kinds of Domestic Patent Granted by Region (2021)
8-9 国内三种专利有效数按地区分布(2021年) 167
Three Kinds of Domestic Patent in Force by Region (2021)
8-10 按国别(地区)分国外三种专利申请受理 168
Three Kinds of Foreign Patent Applications Accepted by Country (Area)
8-11 按国别(地区)分国外三种专利授权 170
Three Kinds of Foreign Patent Granted by Country (Area)
8-12 按国别(地区)分国外三种专利有效数 172
Three Kinds of Foreign Patent in Force by Country (Area)
8-13 按国际专利标准分类的专利申请受理、授权和有效数(2021年) 174
Patent Applications Accepted, Granted and in Force by International Patent Classification (2021)
8-14 国防专利申请数 177
National Defense Patent Applications
8-15 国防专利授权数 178
National Defense Patent Granted
8-16 国防有效专利数 179
National Defense Patent in Force
8-17 按申请人分国防专利申请、授权和有效数 180
National Defense Patent Applications Accepted, Granted and in Force by Type of Applicant
8-18 国外主要检索工具收录我国论文总数及在世界上的位置 181
Number of Chinese Paper Taken by Major Foreign Referencing Systems and Precedence in the World
8-19 国外主要检索工具收录的我国科技人员在国内外期刊上发表论文数 181
Number of Papers by Chinese Scientists and Technicians Published in Domestic and Foreign Periodicals and
Taken by Major Foreign Referencing System
8-20 国外主要检索工具收录我国科技论文按学科分布(2020年) 182
Chinese Scientific Papers Taken by Major Foreign Referencing System by Discipline (2020)
8-21 国外主要检索工具收录我国科技论文按地区分布(2020年) 183
Chinese Scientific Papers Taken by Major Foreign Referencing System by Region (2020)
8-22 2004-2020年《SCI》收录的我国科技论文的10年滚动被引用情况 184
Citation Impact of Chinese Scientific Papers in 10 Year over Lapping Taken in SCI
8-23 中文科技期刊刊登的科技论文篇数按机构类型分类(2020年) 184
Scientific Papers Published in Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals by Type of Institutions (2020)
8-24 重大科技成果 185
Major Research Results of Science and Technology
8-25 国家级科技奖励 185
National Science and Technology Awards
8-26 国家级科技奖励分布 186
Distribution of National Science and Technology Awards
8-27 商标注册申请及核准注册商标 187
Registration Application and Approved of Trademark
8-28 各地区商标注册申请与注册(2021年) 188
Registration Application and Approved of Trademark by Region (2021)
8-29 集成电路布图设计登记申请和登记发证(2021年) 189
Registration Application and Registration Certification of Integrated Circuit Layout-design (2021)
8-30 农业植物新品种权申请和授权(2021年) 190
Application and Granted of New Variety Rights of Agriculture Plants (2021)
8-31 农业植物新品种权申请和授权(2021年) 191
Application and Granted of New Variety Rights of Agriculture Plants (2021)
8-32 按技术合同构成分全国技术市场成交合同数 192
Contract Deals in Domestic Technical Markets by Type of Contracts
8-33 按技术合同构成分全国技术市场成交合同金额 194
Value of Contract Deals in Domestic Technical Markets by Type of Contracts
8-34 按买卖方构成类别分全国技术市场成交合同数 196
Contract Deals in Domestic Technical Markets by Category of Technology Seller and Buyer
8-35 按买卖方构成类别分全国技术市场成交合同金额 197
Value of Contract Deals in Domestic Technical Markets by Category of Technology Seller and Buyer
8-36 技术市场技术输出地域(合同数) 198
Contract Exportation from Domestic Technical Markets by Region
8-37 技术市场技术输出地域(合同金额) 199
Value of Contract Exportation from Domestic Technical Markets by Region
8-38 技术市场技术流向地域(合同数) 200
Contract Inflows to Domestic Technical Markets by Region
8-39 技术市场技术流向地域(合同金额) 201
Value of Contract Inflows to Domestic Technical Markets by Region
8-40 按合同类别分技术市场技术流向地域(合同数)(2021年) 202
Contract Inflows to Domestic Technical Markets by Region (2021)
8-41 按合同类别分技术市场技术流向地域(合同金额)(2021年) 203
Value of Contract Inflows to Domestic Technical Markets by Region (2021)
8-42 按地区分的国外技术引进合同(2021年) 204
Technology Contracts Imported by Region (2021)
8-43 按行业分的国外技术引进合同(2021年) 205
Technology Contracts Imported by Industry (2021)
8-44 国外技术引进合同按引进方式分(2021年) 205
Technology Contracts Imported by Type of Import (2021)
8-45 按引进国别或地区分的国外技术引进合同(2021年) 206
Technology Contracts Imported by Country or Area (2021)
九、科技服务
Scientific and Technologic Services
9-1 全国非油气地质勘查分地区情况(2021年) 211
Basic Statistics on Geological Work by Region (2021)
9-2 全国气象部门基本情况 212
Basic Statistics on Meteorological Units
9-3 地震台、网基本情况 (2021年) 213
Statistics of Earthquake Monitoring Stations and Networks (2021)
9-4 国家标准、计量基本情况 214
Basic Statistics on National Standards and Measurements
9-5 分地区产品质量情况 216
Statistics on Product Quality by Region
9-6 各地区测绘地理信息部门生产完成和资料提供情况 (2021年) 217
Statistics on Projects Completed by Geographic Information Department of Surveying and Mapping by Region (2021)
9-7 国际科技合作项目 218
International Cooperation Exchange for Science and Technology
9-8 国际科技合作项目参加人数 219
Personnel Participated in International Cooperation Exchange for Science and Technology
9-9 中国科协系统科技活动情况 (2021年) 220
Basic Statistics on Scientific and Technological Activities of China Associations for Science and Technology (2021)
9-10 各地区科学普及基本情况(2021年) 224
Main Indicators of Science and Technology Popularization by Region (2021)
9-11 科技企业孵化器基本情况 226
Basic Statistics on Technology Business Incubators
9-12 各地区科技企业孵化器主要指标(2021年) 227
Main Indicators of Technology Business Incubators by Region (2021)
9-13 众创空间运行综合情况 228
Statistics on Mass Maker Spaces
9-14 各地区众创空间主要指标(2021年) 229
Main Indicators of Mass Maker Spaces by Region(2021)
十、国际比较
International Comparison
10-1 研究与试验发展(R&D)经费及占国内生产总值的比重 232
R&D Expenditure and as a Percentage of GDP
10-2 研究与试验发展(R&D)活动的国际比较 236
International Comparison of R&D Activities
10-3 按ESI论文数量排序的前20个国家和地区 238
The Top 20 Most-cited Countries and Area Sorted by Papers in ESI
10-4 按ESI论文被引用次数排序的前20个国家和地区 239
The Top 20 Most-cited Countries and Area Sorted by Citations in ESI
10-5 PCT专利申请量按来源国统计的国际比较 240
International Comparison of Number of Patent Applications Filed Under the PCT System by Origin
主要统计指标解释 245
Explanatory Notes on Main Statistical Indicators
